[size=21]
Biological Oxidation[size=16]
( genitic mitochondrial disorders )
1 / fatal infantile mit. myopathy
2 / MELAS
3 / LHON
4/ Myoclonus epilepsy
[/size][/size]
[size=25]Xenobiotics
1 / Toxic effects of xenobitics
[/size][/size][/size]
1 / porphynuria
( congenital hyperbilirubinemia )
2/ Gilbert's disease
3/ Criler-Najjar syndrome
4/ Dubin-Jhonson syndrome
[/size][/size][/size]
[size=25]CHO metabolism
(Glycogenoses)
1/ Von Gierk disease بالتّفصيل
2/ Pompe's disease
3/ Forbe's disease
4/ Androsen's disease
5/ McAdrele's disease
6/ Hers's disease
7/ Tou's disease
( diseases associated with impaired glycolysis)
8/ Hexokinase deficiency
9/ Pyruvate kinase deficiency
10/ lactic acidosis
11/ Favism
( Inborn errors of fructose metabolism )
12/ essential fructosuria
13/ Heriditary fructose intolerance
( Inborn error of galactose metabolism )
14/ Galactosaemia
( bl. glucose )
15/ hyperglycaemia
16/ hypoglycaemia >> Fasting and reactive
17/ glucosuria >> normoglycaemic and hyperglycaemic
18/ D.M >> metabolic changes , glycated HB , DKA , HHNK and chronic complication
[/size][/size][/size]
[size=25]Lipid metabolism
1/ LCAT enz. deficiency
(lipoprotein plasma level disturbance)
2/ Hypolipoproteinaemia >> Abetalipoproteinaemia , Hypobetalipoproteinaemia
and Alpha lipoprotein deficiency
3/ Hyperlipoproteinaemia >> hyperchylomicronaemia , hyperbetalipoproteinaemia
Dysbetalipoproteinaemia , Hyperprebetalipoproteinaemia hyperchylomicronaemia and hyperprebetalipoproteinaemia ,
and hyperalphalipoproteinaemia
4/ Refsum's disease
5/ Ketosis
6/ Fatty liver
7/ prostacyclin and atherosclerosis
[/size][/size][/size]
(disease associated with impaired urea cycle )
1/ Ammonia intoxication
[/size][/size][/size]
( inborn errors of glycine metabolism )
1/ primary hyperoxaluria
2/ Glycinurea
3/ pheochromocytoma
( inborn errors of ph. alanine and tyrosine metabolism )
4/ phenyl ketonuria
5/ tyrosinaemia II
6/ neonatal tyrosinemia
7/ Alkaptonuria
8/ Tyrosinaemia I
9/ Albinism
10/ Argentifinoma
11/ Hartnup disease
(inborn errors of cysteine metabolism)
12/ Cystinosis
13/ Cystinuria
( inborn error of methionine metabolism )
14/ Homocystinuria
( inborn errors of branched chain a.a. metabolism )
15/ Hypervalinaemia
16/ Maple syrp urine disease
17/ Intermittent branched chain ketonuria
18/ Isovaleric acidaemia
[/size][/size][/size]
[size=25]Mineral metabolism
1/ alternation in level of Na , K Ca , PO4 , Fe , Cu
2/ Menke's sydrome and Wilson's disease
[/size][/size][/size]
[size=25]Nucletide metabolism هــام جدا
(metabolic disorders of purine metabolism )
1/ hyperuricaemia ( Gout )
2/ hypouricaemia
( metabolic disorders of pyrimidine metabolism )
3/ orotic acidimia
[/size][/size][/size]
عموما أنا بحثت في الويكيبيديا عن المسألة دي حـالا
واكتشفت أن الرأي الصحيح هو ما رجحه الدكتور محمد إبراهيم سليم رحمه الله
إليكم ما حصلت عليه
هذه هي ال ketogenic a.a
A ketogenic amino acid is an amino acid that can be converted into ketone bodies through ketogenesis. This is in contrast to the glucogenic amino acids, which are converted into glucose.
In humans, the ketogenic amino acids are leucine and lysine, whereas threonine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, and tyrosine can be either ketogenic or glucogenic.
وهذا هو ال metabolism of Threonine
Threonine is metabolized in two ways:
Biological Oxidation[size=16]
( genitic mitochondrial disorders )
1 / fatal infantile mit. myopathy
2 / MELAS
3 / LHON
4/ Myoclonus epilepsy
[/size][/size]
[ندعوك للتسجيل في المنتدى أو التعريف بنفسك لمعاينة هذه الصورة]
[size=21][size=16][size=25]Xenobiotics
1 / Toxic effects of xenobitics
[/size][/size][/size]
[ندعوك للتسجيل في المنتدى أو التعريف بنفسك لمعاينة هذه الصورة]
[size=21][size=16][size=25]Porphyrins1 / porphynuria
( congenital hyperbilirubinemia )
2/ Gilbert's disease
3/ Criler-Najjar syndrome
4/ Dubin-Jhonson syndrome
[/size][/size][/size]
[ندعوك للتسجيل في المنتدى أو التعريف بنفسك لمعاينة هذه الصورة]
[size=21][size=16][size=25]CHO metabolism
(Glycogenoses)
1/ Von Gierk disease بالتّفصيل
2/ Pompe's disease
3/ Forbe's disease
4/ Androsen's disease
5/ McAdrele's disease
6/ Hers's disease
7/ Tou's disease
( diseases associated with impaired glycolysis)
8/ Hexokinase deficiency
9/ Pyruvate kinase deficiency
10/ lactic acidosis
11/ Favism
( Inborn errors of fructose metabolism )
12/ essential fructosuria
13/ Heriditary fructose intolerance
( Inborn error of galactose metabolism )
14/ Galactosaemia
( bl. glucose )
15/ hyperglycaemia
16/ hypoglycaemia >> Fasting and reactive
17/ glucosuria >> normoglycaemic and hyperglycaemic
18/ D.M >> metabolic changes , glycated HB , DKA , HHNK and chronic complication
[/size][/size][/size]
[ندعوك للتسجيل في المنتدى أو التعريف بنفسك لمعاينة هذه الصورة]
[size=21][size=16][size=25]Lipid metabolism
1/ LCAT enz. deficiency
(lipoprotein plasma level disturbance)
2/ Hypolipoproteinaemia >> Abetalipoproteinaemia , Hypobetalipoproteinaemia
and Alpha lipoprotein deficiency
3/ Hyperlipoproteinaemia >> hyperchylomicronaemia , hyperbetalipoproteinaemia
Dysbetalipoproteinaemia , Hyperprebetalipoproteinaemia hyperchylomicronaemia and hyperprebetalipoproteinaemia ,
and hyperalphalipoproteinaemia
4/ Refsum's disease
5/ Ketosis
6/ Fatty liver
7/ prostacyclin and atherosclerosis
[/size][/size][/size]
[ندعوك للتسجيل في المنتدى أو التعريف بنفسك لمعاينة هذه الصورة]
[size=21][size=16][size=25]General protein metabolism(disease associated with impaired urea cycle )
1/ Ammonia intoxication
[/size][/size][/size]
[ندعوك للتسجيل في المنتدى أو التعريف بنفسك لمعاينة هذه الصورة]
[size=21][size=16][size=25]A.A metabolism( inborn errors of glycine metabolism )
1/ primary hyperoxaluria
2/ Glycinurea
3/ pheochromocytoma
( inborn errors of ph. alanine and tyrosine metabolism )
4/ phenyl ketonuria
5/ tyrosinaemia II
6/ neonatal tyrosinemia
7/ Alkaptonuria
8/ Tyrosinaemia I
9/ Albinism
10/ Argentifinoma
11/ Hartnup disease
(inborn errors of cysteine metabolism)
12/ Cystinosis
13/ Cystinuria
( inborn error of methionine metabolism )
14/ Homocystinuria
( inborn errors of branched chain a.a. metabolism )
15/ Hypervalinaemia
16/ Maple syrp urine disease
17/ Intermittent branched chain ketonuria
18/ Isovaleric acidaemia
[/size][/size][/size]
[ندعوك للتسجيل في المنتدى أو التعريف بنفسك لمعاينة هذه الصورة]
[size=21][size=16][size=25]Mineral metabolism
1/ alternation in level of Na , K Ca , PO4 , Fe , Cu
2/ Menke's sydrome and Wilson's disease
[/size][/size][/size]
[ندعوك للتسجيل في المنتدى أو التعريف بنفسك لمعاينة هذه الصورة]
[size=21][size=16][size=25]Nucletide metabolism هــام جدا
(metabolic disorders of purine metabolism )
1/ hyperuricaemia ( Gout )
2/ hypouricaemia
( metabolic disorders of pyrimidine metabolism )
3/ orotic acidimia
[/size][/size][/size]
عموما أنا بحثت في الويكيبيديا عن المسألة دي حـالا
واكتشفت أن الرأي الصحيح هو ما رجحه الدكتور محمد إبراهيم سليم رحمه الله
إليكم ما حصلت عليه
هذه هي ال ketogenic a.a
A ketogenic amino acid is an amino acid that can be converted into ketone bodies through ketogenesis. This is in contrast to the glucogenic amino acids, which are converted into glucose.
In humans, the ketogenic amino acids are leucine and lysine, whereas threonine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, and tyrosine can be either ketogenic or glucogenic.
وهذا هو ال metabolism of Threonine
Threonine is metabolized in two ways:
- It is converted to pyruvate via threonine dehydrogenase. An intermediate in this pathway can undergo thiolysis with CoA to produce acetyl-CoA and glycine.
- In humans, it is converted to alpha-ketobutyrate in a less common pathway via the enzyme serine dehydratase, and thereby enters the pathway leading to succinyl-CoA
